Data collection and analysis as well as data processing concerning different issues, objectives and players is part of the core capabilities of the ZSW-department systems analysis. The ZSW disposes a reliable data basis, which has been established, maintained and developed since decades. On that page, the ZSW publishes data on renewables energy sources and electromobility as well. Finally, national and international annual data on stock and registration of electric vehicles provides a global view of the electromobility.

The ZSW evaluates continously data on stock as well as on new registrations of battery-electric vehicles (BEV) and other electric vehicles (such as Plug-in Hybrid electric vehicles, PHEV and vehicles with range extender).

The development of electric-based mobility in Germany and other countries around the world, as well as the development ordered by energy source can be taken from the tables below. Data on sales of different models completes the whole review.

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Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Nieder

+49 711 78 70-289

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Dipl.-Volksw. Andreas Püttner

+49 711 78 70-268

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// Global EV stock

by selected countries

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Belgium	60,690	102,900	173,200	269,600	462,000
China	3,810,000	5,008,500	8,253,500	14,638,700	23,401,400
Danmark	25,350	61,580	144,500	217,600	323,100
Germany	238,660	588,730	1,184,200	1,877,550	2,330,440
Finnland	29,720	55,870	100,900	150,700	222,300
France	275,600	470,300	756,400	1,103,000	1,594,800
Italy	39,540	99,260	235,700	332,100	461,500
Japan	263,800	293,100	336,200	431,700	569,600
Canada	148,000	200,000	282,100	399,200	573,500
Netherlands	200,600	275,600	388,600	524,600	721,700
Norway	376,700	480,000	631,600	791,200	891,800
Austria	37,390	59,050	105,700	152,700	214,900
Portugal	36,400	56,260	85,000	119,400	184,400
Sweden	100,900	184,000	308,100	450,500	584,900
Switzerland	52,690	86,470	140,300	174,800	237,100
Spain	55,810	88,540	153,900	233,900	353,000
South Korea	96,710	136,600	252,900	360,000	519,000
UK	223,800	370,800	636,400	1,089,200	1,536,900
USA	1,450,000	1,773,200	2,429,100	3,417,500	4,837,600
Rest of World	310,600	452,000	757,200	1,113,200	1,973,200

Total	7,832,960	10,842,760	17,355,500	27,847,150	41,993,140

// Global cumulative EV registrations

by manufacturers (selection)

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
BYD	736,700	916,500	1,510,200	3,308,600	6,333,000
Tesla	885,000	1,384,600	2,320,800	3,634,700	5,443,300
VW	358,000	779,600	1,458,800	2,290,600	3,314,800
SAIC	315,300	584,100	1,201,800	2,388,500	3,168,700
Geely	230,100	373,200	585,200	1,191,300	2,015,900
BMW	414,500	607,100	851,700	1,285,500	1,852,000
Hyundai	230,100	395,800	692,100	1,078,200	1,578,000
Stellantis	81,800	201,300	481,500	889,100	1,347,500
Mercedes	142,140	305,140	525,240	858,740	1,260,640
GAC Group	45,500	107,600	230,400	519,400	1,013,500

// Global cumulative EV registrations

by models (selection)

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Tesla Model Y	0	79,700	490,200	1,244,700	2,456,400
Tesla Model 3	450,100	812,900	1,313,600	1,806,200	2,334,300
Hongguang Mini EV	0	119,300	545,800	1,099,900	1,311,700
BYD Song PHEV	88,500	109,700	218,500	629,500	1,166,400
BYD Qin PHEV	153,900	158,600	272,300	467,600	795,100
Nissan Leaf	439,100	490,000	554,200	607,200	629,900
BYD Dolphin	0	0	29,600	235,000	603,100
VW ID.4	0	4,800	124,500	298,500	510,700
Aion S	32,500	78,100	147,300	263,000	485,200
BYD Qin EV300	49,700	98,600	174,200	327,900	482,700

// Global EV registrations *

by selected countries

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Belgium	21,310	46,390	70,590	96,900	193,700
China	1,204,000	1,246,000	3,334,000	6,548,000	9,047,000
Danmark	9,410	32,470	65,380	57,270	83,070
Germany	108,520	394,550	681,400	832,650	699,940
Finnland	7,920	17,640	30,670	31,410	49,220
France	69,470	194,700	316,000	346,900	491,900
Italy	17,120	59,970	136,900	117,500	136,900
Japan	38,940	29,350	43,920	96,590	140,700
Canada	56,170	54,350	86,030	123,600	184,600
Netherlands	71,620	95,910	116,200	147,200	222,500
Norway	85,250	108,200	157,400	161,200	123,600
Austria	11,400	23,610	47,990	47,430	64,580
Portugal	16,000	19,960	28,920	34,840	65,980
Sweden	41,780	96,050	138,000	161,600	173,200
Switzerland	17,630	34,190	53,820	58,320	76,020
Spain	17,470	41,850	68,000	83,370	123,900
South Korea	36,150	55,320	116,400	176,300	174,500
UK	72,830	175,300	305,300	368,600	456,000
USA	329,500	326,900	661,900	1,002,800	1,454,100
Rest of World	86,100	141,400	305,200	356,000	860,000

Total	2,318,590	3,194,110	6,764,020	10,848,480	14,821,410

// Global EV registrations

by manufacturers (selection)

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
BYD	219,400	179,800	593,700	1,798,400	3,024,400
Tesla	368,400	499,600	936,200	1,313,900	1,808,600
VW	97,100	421,600	679,200	831,800	1,024,200
Geely	65,600	143,100	212,000	606,100	824,600
SAIC	126,100	268,800	617,700	1,186,700	780,200
BMW	123,000	192,600	244,600	433,800	566,500
Hyundai	99,500	165,700	296,300	386,100	499,800
GAC Group	36,500	62,100	122,800	289,000	494,100
Stellantis	10,100	119,500	280,200	407,600	458,400
Mercedes	35,300	163,000	220,100	333,500	401,900

// Global EV registrations

by models (selection)

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Tesla Model Y	0	79,700	410,500	754,500	1,211,600
BYD Song PHEV	18,300	21,200	108,800	411,000	536,700
Tesla Model 3	302,500	362,800	500,700	492,600	528,100
BYD Atto 3	0	0	0	1,900	422,600
BYD Dolphin	0	0	29,600	205,400	368,100
BYD Qin PHEV	17,300	4,700	113,700	195,300	327,400
BYD Seagull	0	0	0	0	280,200
Aion Y	0	0	34,100	119,700	245,700
Aion S	32,500	45,600	69,200	115,700	222,200
SAIC MG 4	0	0	0	44,000	218,300

Sources:

Own calculations ZSW according to Kraftfahrtbundesamt, Insideevs.com, EV Sales, CleanTechnica.com, Cox Automotive, electrive.net, Norsk Elbilforening, OFV, Avere France, IEA, ACEA, Automobile Business Association Japan, Department for Transport UK, Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT), Gasgoo – China Automotive News, China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland, Bil Sweden, Statistics Canada, Driving, Electric Autonomy Canada, auto-schweiz, Bundesamt für Statistik Schweiz, Forococheselectricos, AEDIVE, ANFAC, Motor Internet, Statistik Austria, Yonhapnews, Newspim, Electimes, Newstree, Heydealer, Business Post, Instituto da Mobilidade e dos Transportes – IMT, Auto Informa, UVE, Pplware, Observador, Standvirtual, FDM, Dansk Elbil Alliance, De Danske Bilimportører, Statistics Denmark, Statbel, Febiac, Autoalan Tiedotuskeskus, Tesla, Volkswagen Group, Mercedes-Benz Group, BYD, BMW Group, EVsmartBlog, European Alternative Fuels Obervatory, Business AM, Autopost Korea, The Korea Herald, Korea Automobile Manufacturers Association, Automobile Club d’Italia, InfobuildEnergia, Motus-E, Unione Nazionale Rappresentanti Autoveicoli Esteri, Electrive.net, EU-EVs, Open EV Charts.

// EV stock

by vehicle category

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Mini	24,535	53,839	129,565	198,687	238,369
Small cars	59,309	114,077	182,679	233,212	249,239
Compact class cars	54,105	124,834	217,919	315,037	369,799
Medium sized cars	23,104	81,792	154,837	223,222	262,542
Upper medium cars	15,167	32,891	49,809	67,437	79,524
Luxury class	14,081	17,676	24,795	33,683	43,229
Vans	2,896	7,874	17,962	28,372	29,839
Utilities	1,702	3,238	5,859	14,106	26,271
SUV	25,622	93,149	263,410	548,209	788,073
Sports cars	1,676	1,786	1,761	2,171	2,751
Off-road vehicles	13,207	51,745	126,787	204,654	229,645
Others	3,257	5,833	8,819	8,757	11,156

BEV total	136,617	309,083	618,460	1,013,009	1,408,681
PHEV total	102,045	279,651	565,742	864,538	921,756

// Stock of other EV

by vehicle category

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Motorcycles	12,147	15,143	18,847	60,651	61,649
Busses, thereof	386	730	1,295	1,907	2,699
- Trolleybusses	72	74	75	77	79
Utility vehic., thereof	25,587	33,830	45,953	65,010	83,226
- Trucks	24,418	32,392	44,213	61,299	79,452
- Tractors	560	633	715	874	1,266
- Others	609	805	1,025	2,837	2,508

Total (incl. cars)	276,782	638,437	1,250,297	2,005,115	2,478,011

For inf. purpose:	0	0	0	0	0
Motorc. Insur.sticker	127,534	184,967	265,362	351,903	432,024
Pedelecs	5.419	7.029	8.619	10.338	11.871

// EV registrations

by models (selection)

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Total BEV , thereof	63,281	194,163	355,961	470,559	524,219
- Tesla Model Y	0	0	4,400	35,426	45,818
- VW ID.4, ID.5	0	2,400	12,734	24,847	36,353
- Skoda Enyaq	0	0	13,026	12,184	23,498
- Fiat 500e	0	872	12,516	29,635	22,608
- VW ID.3	0	14,493	26,693	23,286	22,270
- Audi Q4	0	0	4,470	12,406	18,061

Total PHEV, thereof	45,242	200,389	325,438	362,093	175,724
- Mercedes GLC350e	111	10,458	17,211	6,834	11,335
- Mercedes C350e	1,995	9,066	3,531	6,493	11,155
- Ford Kuga	0	6,304	16,434	28,410	11,050
- Seat Formentor	0	10	8,377	17,671	6,649
- Seat Leon	0	3,304	13,383	8,283	5,856
- BMW 330e	1,636	6,783	10,277	12,763	5,073

// Registrations of other EV

by vehicle category

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Motorcycles	2,296	3,421	4,098	33,687	16,945
Busses, thereof	180	372	595	646	835
- Trolleybusses	3	2	2	3	2
Utility vehic., thereof	7,381	9,746	13,838	20,192	23,096
- Trucks	7,203	9,473	13,560	18,399	21,821
- Tractors	81	83	86	158	431
- Others	97	190	192	1,635	844

Total (incl. cars)	118,380	408,091	699,930	887,177	740,819

For inf. purpose:	0	0	0	0	0
Motorc. Insur.sticker	43,912	65,602	88,435	95,011	87,054
Pedelecs	1,349,400	1,939,200	1,988,500	2,188,600	2,087,400

Sources:

Own calculations ZSW according to German Federal Motor Transport Authority, ZIV Zweirad-Industrie-Verband, EV Sales, EV Volumes.

// EV stock

by vehicle category

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Motorcycles	2,209	2,670	3,146	7,064	8,649
Total BEV	24,863	54,250	105,964	165,383	229,556
Total PHEV	19,050	51,831	99,081	142,901	153,917
Busses	74	84	115	154	244
Utility vehic., thereof	2,323	2,869	3,760	5,415	6,865
- Trucks	2,114	2,634	3,485	4,996	6,419
- Tractors	123	128	136	160	214
- Others	86	107	139	259	232

Total (incl. cars)	48,519	111,704	212,066	320,917	399,231

For inf. purpose:	0	0	0	0	0
Motorc. Insur.sticker	15,219	20,117	26,446	33,020	39,226
Pedelecs	1	1	1	1	2

// EV registrations

by vehicle category

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Motorcycles	353	495	578	3,537	2,791
Total BEV	10,223	32,879	59,165	71,328	84,491
Total PHEV	8,140	36,951	57,362	57,578	34,558
Busses	37	16	35	38	99
Utility vehic., thereof	793	601	1,118	1,636	1,842
- Trucks	767	576	1,081	1,476	1,732
- Tractors	10	8	10	25	64
- Others	16	17	27	135	46

Total (incl. cars)	19,546	70,942	118,258	134,117	123,781

For inf. purpose:	0	0	0	0	0
Motorc. Insur.sticker	6,751	10,100	13,600	14,600	13,400
Pedelecs	180,100	258,900	265,800	292,700	279,600

Sources:

Own calculations ZSW according to German Federal Motor Transport Authority, ZIV Zweirad-Industrie-Verband.

_{* Imports of used vehicles are not included in the countries' new registrations in order to avoid double counting. These vehicles are included in the respective stocks.}

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// Global EV stock

// Global cumulative EV registrations

// Global cumulative EV registrations

// Global EV registrations *

// Global EV registrations

// Global EV registrations

// EV stock

// Stock of other EV

// EV registrations

// Registrations of other EV

// EV stock

// EV registrations

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