Since 2001, ZSW has been active in the field of thermochemical biomass conversion in fluidised bed reactors. Making use of its high-quality laboratory infrastructure, ZSW has focused on developing innovative processes to convert mineral-rich substitute fuels, such as biogenic residues. Selecting the sufficient fluidised bed material is the key to successful commercial implementation. ZSW’s expertise in this area covers the selection, testing and application of reactive fluidised bed materials on a MWth scale.